Adherence to treatment among Turkmen older women with hypertension in northern Iran. A randomized controlled trial

Ogholgol Ghajari; Mohammad Hossain Kaveh; Abdolrahim Asadollahi

doi:10.57655/EXLIBRIS_1_2024_1

Published : 2024-09-30

Vol. 26 No. 1 (2024)

Adherence to treatment among Turkmen older women with hypertension in northern Iran. A randomized controlled trial

Ogholgol Ghajari

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5253-7008

Mohammad Hossain Kaveh

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2736-1335

Abdolrahim Asadollahi

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2265-5641

DOI: https://doi.org/10.57655/EXLIBRIS_1_2024_1

Abstract

ABSTRACT:

Background: One of the most important ways to control high blood pressure is to follow a medication that has a low level among older people, and non-adherence to treatment is an essential issue among older adults in the world. Few studies have been conducted among rural older women in Iran.

Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of intervention training in adherence to hypertension treatment on blood pressure in the population of Turkmen rural older women in north-eastern Iran in a randomized cluster trial.

Methods: This randomized controlled trial study was performed on 116 rural older adult women with hypertension in north-eastern Iran. Eligible rural older adult women were selected using a two-stage cluster random sampling method and were equally divided into intervention and control groups. For the intervention group, four training sessions were conducted using the educational approach to raise older adults' awareness and knowledge of hypertension and its complications. The Hill Bon Drug Demographic Citizenship Questionnaire for older adults was completed at the beginning of the intervention. The Hill Bon Drug Adherence Questionnaire was completed by older adults in the study one month after the intervention and then two months after the intervention. The data in the present study were statistically analyzed using SPSS software version 25 and AMOS version 24.

Results: Although at the beginning of the study, the mean scores of drug adherence and blood pressure were not significantly different in the intervention and control groups, within two months after the intervention, there was a significant difference (p <0.001) in the intervention group following a significant increase in drug adherence. Blood pressure also dropped; however, it did not change significantly in the control group. The numerical value of the RMSEA index was less than 0.05; Cronbach's alpha coefficient and Kapay-Flys coefficient were 0.88 and 0.80, respectively, and the fitness indices indicated the appropriate fitness of the Hill Bon bilingual questionnaire.

Conclusion: Education with the approach of raising awareness about hypertension and its complications increases drug adherence among older adults. Therefore, its use is recommended in providing health counseling services in health centers. A sample of 160 older adults received four sessions of an educational program to control their hypertension. Data were collected at baseline, one-month post-training, and after two-month follow-up using questionnaires of Hill Bon drug adherence scale and monitoring Blood pressure among participants.

Keywords:

older adults, aging, antihypertensive drugs, medical adherence, blood pressure control

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Ghajari , O., Kaveh, M. H., & Asadollahi, A. (2024). Adherence to treatment among Turkmen older women with hypertension in northern Iran. A randomized controlled trial. Exlibris Social Gerontology Journal, 26(1), 13–28. https://doi.org/10.57655/EXLIBRIS_1_2024_1

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